Glossary of terms

Off-target effects occur when the genome editing tool, such as CRISPR-Cas9 system, cuts DNA at unintended locations in the genome. This can potentially cause unwanted genetic modifications, such as insertions or deletions at the wrong site.

An oncogene is a gene that, when mutated, or expressed at abnormal levels, has the potential to cause cancer. It does this by promoting abnormal cell growth.